Analytical Study of Nanomaterials under High Pressure

Our previous study we extended an equation of state model for second order bulk modulus from recent predicted model and calculated variation of pressure with volume for several nanomaterials. Now we use such a model for few other nanomaterials like, TiO 2 (anatase), Ni (20 nm), CdSe (rock salt phase), AlN (Hexagonal), 3C-SiC (30 nm) and Rb 3 C 60 ., compare with some other equation of state for nanomaterials and experimental data. The Microsoft Office software has been used to do the calculations. The studies gives great agreement with other EOS and experimental data. The study must be useful at high pressure when the experimental data are not available. So the given study must we useful at high pressure.


Introduction
Recently the study of nanomaterials are achieving more attention due to its surprising properties such as size, shape, morphology, compressible properties, and their structural properties changed with pressure, volume, and temperature. 1,2 So its extraordinary properties mechanical, thermal and electronic properties make it more relievable for developing several multi functional applications. 3 Synthesized and electro chemicalanodizations experimental were studied under high pressure up to 31 GPa for Anatase titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanotubes by Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction 4 and study of a synchrotron X-ray diffraction presented pressure-induced changes innanocrystalline anatase (30-40 nm) to 35 GPa. 5 A simple theory predicts for several nanomaterials on the effect of pressure for volume expansion 6 and high-pressure behavior of Ni-filled and Fe-filled MWCNTs examined up to 27 GPa and 19 GPa with help of synchrotron-based angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction. 7 A equation of state studied for several namomaterials such as metals Ni (20 nm), α-Fe (nanotubes), Cu (80 nm) and Ag (55nm), semiconductors Ge (49 nm), Si, CdSe (rock-salt phase), MgO (20 nm) and ZnO, and carbon nanotube (CNT) in term pressure related with volume and their theoretical data agreement between experimental data. 8 Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) and annealing technique are used in Crystal size synthesized of nanocrystal 3C-SiC (than 30 nm). 9 H.A. Ludwig , investigated X-ray experiments under high pressure up to 6 GPa at 300°Kfor Rb3C60using a diamond anvil cell and angular dispersive X-ray scattering. 10
The obtained results compared with experimental data show in Figs. 1 to 6, thesevalues calculated from using Eq. (1) and closer to experimental data of nanomaterials. The experimental uncertainty result provided by Sharma and Kumar 2 with experimental measured P-V data is often pressuring calibration errors, therefore, we considered Eq. (1) calculation for the compression behavior of TiO 2 (anatase), Ni (20 nm), CdSe (rock salt phase), AlN (Hexagonal), 3C-SiC (30 nm) and Rb 3 C 60 . The results are reported in Fig. 1 to 6 along with the experimental data [18][19][20][21][22][23] and these corresponding results are presented in Table 1. Significantly, the results are showing better agreement with the experimental data.

Conclusion
Second order pressure derivative of bulk modulus EOS for nanomaterialsare predicted by our previous EOS study. EOSs for nanomaterials aremuch useful under high pressure compression behavior of nanomaterials and solids. The major advantages of these EOSs are that the experimental data is not available. Therefore the given studies for nanomaterials must be helpful under highpressure compression behavior because at this level arrangement of experimental setup don't easy task. The results give better deal compare with experimental data and EOSs data, it is clear from figure 1 to 6. Present work is simple and effective method to study compression behaviour of nanomaterials and solids.

Acknowledgement
The author would like to thank, (Insert university name and Dept. name) for their guidance and support to complete this article.

Funding
The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.